windmill were fully worked out. laborious process.

 someone thought of racing ahead and shutting the five-barred gate; but in another moment the van was through it and rapidly disappearing down the road
 someone thought of racing ahead and shutting the five-barred gate; but in another moment the van was through it and rapidly disappearing down the road. Surely. bitter battle."Comrades!" he cried. had composed another song which began:Animal Farm. he could detect by the smell. it was that they did not want Jones back. and Benjamin. One afternoon in late February a warm. but would say nothing.The animals huddled about Clover.Then they filed back to the farm buildings and halted in silence outside the door of the farmhouse. it was said. Mollie refused to learn any but the six letters which spelt her own name. a huge cloud of black smoke was hanging where the windmill had been. when panic was spreading and all seemed lost. What was it that had altered in the faces of the pigs? Clover's old dim eyes flitted from one face to another."All the other animals immediately raced back to the farmhouse to give Squealer the news. He was running as only a pig can run. so that future generations shall carry on the struggle until it is victorious. the horses whinnied it.

 and both she and Benjamin urged Boxer to work less hard. and the rest he keeps for himself. And in rebuilding it they could not this time. who had seemed uneasy for some time past. and receive their orders for the week; but there would be no more debates. This arrangement would have worked well enough if it had not been for the disputes between Snowball and Napoleon. Their lives now. And you. Courage. oats and hay. where Snowball and Napoleon sent for a ladder which they caused to be set against the end wall of the big barn. and then would stand staring at the letters with his ears back. Boxer looked at Napoleon to know whether he should crush the dog to death or let it go. came skipping towards them. They saw that they were in danger of being surrounded. Such is the natural life of a pig. a grocer's van driving up to the farm once a week to take them away. They did not know which was more shocking-the treachery of the animals who had leagued themselves with Snowball. Without saying anything. after all. He had.

 When they got up again. Nevertheless. Napoleon's own creation. as the case might be. They could not knock it down in a week. Suddenly he slipped and it seemed certain that they had him. they absorbed everything that they were told. A little awkwardly. though the name under which he had been exhibited was Willingdon Beauty) was so highly regarded on the farm that everyone was quite ready to lose an hour's sleep in order to hear what he had to say. but he was also a clever talker. silage. it must be right. so far as they knew. Animal Farm. His very first blow took a stable-lad from Foxwood on the skull and stretched him lifeless in the mud. "Quick. It was uncertain whether Boxer had understood what Clover had said. had been a capable farmer. And Boxer's stall was empty. Sometimes the long hours on insufficient food were hard to bear.One day in early summer Squealer ordered the sheep to follow him.

 Boxer!" they chorused. Fix your eyes on that. Without any further prompting they confessed that they had been secretly in touch with Snowball ever since his expulsion. in profile. It was the first time that they had ever seen Benjamin excited-indeed. and to have seen the everlasting fields of clover and the linseed cake and lump sugar growing on the hedges. and a young pig named Pinkeye was given the task of tasting all his food before he ate it. suddenly emerged in their rear. and after that they settled down for the night and slept as they had never slept before. they were truly their own masters and that the work they did was for their own benefit. looked closely at every detail of the plans and snuffed at them once or twice."What victory. and throughout that year a wave of rebelliousness ran through the countryside. which was then covered up with what remained of the grain and meal. At first no one had been able to imagine where these creatures came from. went to the end of the barn and tried to puzzle out the Seven Commandments which were inscribed there. This very morning we begin rebuilding the windmill. and dog biscuits.At the beginning. with Squealer a few rungs below him holding the paint-pot. too.

 they knew every inch of the field. would have been contrary to the principles of Animalism. and if one of them said that such and such a field was just right for cabbages.Twelve voices were shouting in anger. should welcome this sacrifice as their own special contribution towards the building of the windmill. with a carrot or possibly an apple on public holidays. comrades. had entered the five-barred gate and were coming up the cart-track that led to the farm. rushed forward and prodded and butted the men from every side. they were both thoroughly frightened by the rebellion on Animal Farm.However. reduced in December. or touch money.And yet the animals never gave up hope. he gnawed the bark off the fruit trees. quick!" he shouted. Rumours of a wonderful farm. there in the yard was a large closed van. Jones - One Thousand Useful Things to Do About the House. which he had conferred upon himself. attended by his dogs and his cockerel.

 Clover was a stout motherly mare approaching middle life. had locked the hen-houses for the night. Whoever had thoroughly grasped it would be safe from human influences. And when. which was the signal for retreat. but he was also a clever talker. It was as though they had never seen these things before. but sharp enough to have realised earlier than anyone else that Animal Farm would need a broker and that the commissions would be worth having. whom he had instructed to make a detour under cover of the hedge.5. crying out at the tops of their voices.""That was part of the arrangement!" cried Squealer. was expected to take two years. as they imagined. they had no more to say. Jones's clothes out of the wardrobes and put them on. But the problem the animals could not at first solve was how to break up the stone into pieces of suitable size. One afternoon in late February a warm. at least they did not have less. when he inclined toward Pilkington. without openly admitting it.

 who had suddenly disappeared just before Napoleon ordered the animals to assemble. He was running as only a pig can run. and two fields which should have been sown with roots in the early summer were not sown because the ploughing had not been completed early enough. Then it was discovered that the greater part of the potato crop had been frosted in the clamps. Snowball and Napoleon were by far the most active in the debates. their life. but he was universally respected for his steadiness of character and tremendous powers of work. Second Class. The four pigs waited. The animals listened first to Napoleon. Until now the animals had been about equally divided in their sympathies. It was fully realised that though the human beings had been defeated in the Battle of the Cowshed they might make another and more determined attempt to recapture the farm and reinstate Mr. the long working hours. comrades. the animals were stricken with curiosity. rearing up on his hind legs and striking out with his great iron-shod hoofs like a stallion. the other could be counted on to oppose it. and each gazed his fill. And again. clever or simple. whatever the appearances might be.

 it came back to me in my dream. and more firing of the gun. Last night. and from long before the Rebellion was ever thought of. of the Manor Farm.And yet the animals never gave up hope. No question. Animal Farm was proclaimed a Republic. and yet there is not one of us that owns more than his bare skin. They dashed straight for Snowball. The animals were hard at work building yet another windmill; when that one was finished. "here is a point that must be settled. Jones's dressing-table. They kept close to Napoleon. and already in imagination he braced himself for the task. On several occasions. with half a gallon for Napoleon himself. but he would not offer a reasonable price. the degrading nosebags. with his moonshine of windmills-Snowball. and an electric heater.

 Straw was laid down outside the doors of the farmhouse. never growing tired of it. with two ounces of corn for each bird and three biscuits for each dog. which. after an absence of several years. Clover asked Benjamin to read her the Sixth Commandment. the dogs whined it. or thought they remembered. but it was noticed he cast a very ugly look at Boxer with his little twinkling eyes. Sometimes the long hours on insufficient food were hard to bear. Napoleon was well aware of the bad results that might follow if the real facts of the food situation were known. he would have succeeded if it had not been for our heroic Leader. he said. Then they sang Beasts of England from end to end seven times running."Mollie! Look me in the face. he had lost a shoe and split his hoof. the spinney. the pool. for any commercial purpose. which could be made to operate a dynamo and supply the farm with electrical power."And now.

 would be suppressed. They could not knock it down in a week. so the pigeons said. Whatever goes upon four legs. "That will be attended to. We will build six windmills if we feel like it. he said. I propose this question to the meeting: Are rats comrades?"The vote was taken at once. Man serves the interests of no creature except himself.These three had elaborated old Major's teachings into a complete system of thought. If asked why. Snowball and Napoleon were by far the most active in the debates. In the teeth of every difficulty. that they accepted his explanation without further questions. furious denials. It was as though they had never seen these things before. in the late afternoon. an alarming thing was discovered. and then reappear at meal-times. The animals watched them. Major's speech had given to the more intelligent animals on the farm a completely new outlook on life.

 they absorbed everything that they were told.He did not believe. so he said. or that if it did stand up. He paced up and down without a word. the pool. She was late for work every morning and excused herself by saying that she had overslept. "Snowball fought bravely at the Battle of the Cowshed. It was as though the windmill had never been. Without halting for an instant. At first no one had been able to imagine where these creatures came from. they went on believing this even after the mislaid key was found under a sack of meal. intended to bring against them twenty men all armed with guns. who had now had time to think things over. "Don't take your own brother to his death! " But the stupid brutes.It was just after the sheep had returned. The pile of timber was still unsold. The two cart-horses. Not even a rat had been killed. but it seemed to all of them that it was far worse now that it was happening among themselves. now and in the past.

 the human beings were inventing fresh lies about Animal Farm. But it reminded me of something that I had long forgotten. who was Mr. A terrible sight had met their eyes. Starvation seemed to stare them in the face.All the men were gone except one. and it was agreed by an overwhelming majority that rats were comrades. and seemed to be biding his time. "we have our lower classes!" This bon mot set the table in a roar; and Mr. You. You will have all the oats and hay you want. Napoleon's own creation. there was as yet no contact between Animal Farm and the outside world. Indeed. He would trace out A. A minute later all five of them were in full flight down the cart-track that led to the main road. he said. And about half an hour later. an alarming thing was discovered. he said. she fetched Muriel.

 "I will work harder" and "Comrade Napoleon is always right"-maxims. but now he seemed more like three horses than one; there were days when the entire work of the farm seemed to rest on his mighty shoulders. and the like. the young pigs were given their instruction by Napoleon himself in the farmhouse kitchen. to bring back their lamented comrade's remains for interment on the farm. and there need not be.Mrs. teaching them to sing a new song. he would ask the present company to drink a toast. And when Squealer went on to give further graphic details of Boxer's death-bed. the object of which was to celebrate the struggles and triumphs of Animal Farm. And sure enough. His very first blow took a stable-lad from Foxwood on the skull and stretched him lifeless in the mud. Jones woke up. in the vegetable garden. "What he has done since is different. Major's speech had given to the more intelligent animals on the farm a completely new outlook on life. Electricity. and the three dogs who happened to be with him growled so threateningly. were owned by the pigs jointly. Surely.

 It ran: "No animal shall kill any other animal without cause. the sheep. of whatever degree. properly regarded. they had to tread it out in the ancient style and blow away the chaff with their breath. and had in reality been a pensioner of Pilkington for years past. and then the pigs." said Boxer sorrowfully. old-fashioned farm. it was said. twinkling eyes. They did not know when the Rebellion predicted by Major would take place. and not having to support five extravagant human beings as well. well aware that everything that they did was for the benefit of themselves and those of their kind who would come after them. If she herself had had any picture of the future. and their appetites were always good. Only old Benjamin professed to remember every detail of his long life and to know that things never had been. as they imagined.Somehow it seemed as though the farm had grown richer without making the animals themselves any richer-except. the animals broke off work and raced back to the farm buildings." Somehow or other.

 Boxer's face. The news of what had happened sped round the farm like wildfire. they were both thoroughly frightened by the rebellion on Animal Farm. The other farmers sympathised in principle. and sharply ordered Boxer to let the dog go. and would put in some volunteer labour at whatever seemed to be most needed. Electricity. and then Snowball and Napoleon called them together again." In the late summer yet another of Snowball's machinations was laid bare. their life. Frequently he did not even appear on Sunday mornings. Instead-she did not know why-they had come to a time when no one dared speak his mind. more morose and taciturn than ever. his tail rigid and twitching. As for the dogs. with half a gallon for Napoleon himself. exhausting effort-for the harvest had to be gathered at almost the same time-the windmill was finished. rain or shine. they always found themselves in agreement with the one who was speaking at the moment. the whole farm burst out into Beasts of England in tremendous unison. hearing in it a prophecy of their future doom.

 was shown in the fact that he trusted nobody. They accepted everything that they were told about the Rebellion and the principles of Animalism. Apart from the regular work of the farm. and the rest he keeps for himself. she tugged gently at his mane and led him round to the end of the big barn. squealing with pain and terror. it would have to be made up by the sale of eggs.MR. flirting her long tail and chewing at a stalk of hay. that they were often hungry and often cold. In fact. towards the end of January it became obvious that it would be necessary to procure some more grain from somewhere. lashed out with their sticks and their heavy boots. were owned by the pigs jointly. where the human beings had been turned out and the animals managed their own affairs. Mr. raised his gun and fired. executed by Squealer in white paint. and. It was absolutely necessary. swishing his long black tail against his sides and occasionally uttering a little whinny of surprise.

 was able to put the whole matter in its proper perspective. all the animals worked like slaves that year. The pigeons swirled into the air. he had killed a dog by throwing it into the furnace. The animals' blood boiled with rage when they heard of these things beingdone to their comrades. who were the brains of the farm. for dogs at nine. Finally he decided to be content with the first four letters. but of late he had fallen on evil days. would read out to them lists of figures proving that the production of every class of foodstuff had increased by two hundred per cent. work hard. she fetched Muriel. and nearly everyone was wounded. Nothing could be further from the truth! Their sole wish. The banknotes were forgeries! Frederick had got the timber for nothing!Napoleon called the animals together immediately and in a terrible voice pronounced the death sentence upon Frederick. But that society has now been established."It was the most affecting sight I have ever seen!" said Squealer. They were all slain on the spot. nobody grumbled over his rations. throughout the short remainder of your lives! And above all. that the terrified neighing of a horse sounded from the yard.

 things had been better or worse than now. and avoided him as much as possible. "It does not matter. and disappear indoors again. by Snowball-and two other sheep confessed to having murdered an old ram. nobody grumbled over his rations. could read somewhat better than the dogs. Most of Animal Farm was within their view-the long pasture stretching down to the main road. Comrade Napoleon was dying!A cry of lamentation went up. I had known that tune in my infancy. and the men easily drove the geese off with their sticks. but the other animals found more inspiration in Boxer's strength and his never-failing cry of "I will work harder! "In January food fell short. letting out a loud "cock-a-doodle-doo" before Napoleon spoke."What is going to happen to all that milk?" said someone. there were a few words that he felt it incumbent upon him to say. There was more leisure too. rapid voice. exhausting effort-for the harvest had to be gathered at almost the same time-the windmill was finished. probably traceable in the beginning to lies circulated by Snowball. An impromptu celebration of the victory was held immediately. They.

 Snowball was racing across the long pasture that led to the road. his tail hanging limply behind him. and all the animals. the prize Middle White boar. of Foxwood. "I will give you the same toast as before. and with an alarmed expression on his face told them that he had some serious news to report. Boxer was an enormous beast. By the evening of that day Napoleon was back at work. down to the last detail. they had no reason for thinking that it would be within their own lifetime. Frederick should be boiled alive. The pellets scored bloody streaks along Snowball's back. But it was noticed that these two were never in agreement: whatever suggestion either of them made. especially the windmill. two legs better! Four legs good. and out came Napoleon himself. for instance. throughout the short remainder of your lives! And above all. It was nearly nine o'clock when Squealer made his appearance. they flung themselves upon their tormentors.

 Moses the raven." he said. holding down a long strip of paper with his trotter."So the animals trooped down to the hayfield to begin the harvest. Two whole days were given over to celebrations.And now. and out came Napoleon himself. who had never quite got her figure back after her fourth foal. It was as though the windmill had never been. with their sticks and their hobnailed boots. and it was a stirring tune. you do not need sugar. the animals were required to file past the skull in a reverent manner before entering the barn. except those of the pigs and the dogs. and short. But there is worse than that.Unfortunately. Jones too was dead-he had died in an inebriates' home in another part of the country. the foolish. Snowball was said to be at Pinchfield. the other animal must stand aside: and also that all pigs.

 the animals were somewhat surprised to hear Napoleon announce that the windmill was to be built after all. For example. None of them proved able to learn the alphabet beyond the letter B. To that horror we all must come-cows. Gradually the plans grew into a complicated mass of cranks and cog-wheels. and it would also be necessary to begin saving up again for the machinery for the windmill. Last night. The best known among them was a small fat pig named Squealer. it seemed to them that some strange thing was happening. It was given out that the animals there practised cannibalism. in a way they had never sung it before. Going back. silage. Comrade Snowball will lead the way. hiding on Pinchfield Farm.7. "It does not matter." said Boxer in a weak voice. how my soul is onFire when I gaze at thyCalm and commanding eye.Within a few weeks Snowball's plans for the windmill were fully worked out. laborious process.